基于缺陷评估的海底管道设计研究

针对海底管道的裂纹和腐蚀两种主要缺陷,研究了基于缺陷评估的海底管道设计方法,建立了基于缺陷评估的海底管道设计步骤。     

Drying of Uncoated Paper with Gas-Fired Infrared Emitters—Optimum Emitters' Location Within a Paper Machine Drying Section

This article theoretically investigates the drying of uncoated paper with gas-fired infrared (IR) emitters installed within the drying section of a given commercial paper machine. Specifically, it presents the ideal location of two opposing IR emitters within the drying section. The ideal location of the two opposing IR emitters corresponds to the highest machine speed with specified average moisture content of paper sheet at the end of the drying section. This article also presents the average evaporation rate, temperature, and moisture content of the paper sheet as it travels through the drying section with the two opposing IR emitters operating at the optimum location. In addition, the temperature and moisture profiles in the sheet thickness direction, before and after the IR emitters, are provided. This article is not concerned with the potential effects of drying with IR emitters on paper sheet properties and machine runnability issues.     

Plastic deformation of bcc metal thin foils without dislocation

Heavy plastic deformation of fcc metal thin foils to fracture has been found recently to proceed without involving dislocations, and it results in the formation of high density of vacancy clusters. Thin foil specimens of bcc metals such as V and Mo were plastically deformed to fracture in in situ elongation experiments under an electron microscope. Morphology of thinning and fracture was found to be similar to fcc metals, and no dislocation was observed during heavy deformation. Electron diffraction analysis at the tip of a crack during deformation confirmed a large elastic deformation of up to 5%. Unlike in fcc metal thin foil specimens, point defect clusters were not observed near fractured tips. This difference is attributed to the difference in vacancy reaction, though the deformation in bcc metals without dislocation most likely does produce vacancies.     

Long-chain fatty ammonium quaternaries in papermaking

A series of long-chain quaternary ammonium halogen esters (UKK-chemicals), quaternary dimethyl tallow epoxypropyl ammonium halogens (EPK1), quaternary ditallow methyl epoxypropyl ammonium halogens (EPK2), and EPK2 oligomers (EPK2P) were synthesized. At acidic, neutral, or slightly basic conditions, EPK1-, EPK2-, EPK2P-, and UKK-chemicals operate as cationic chemicals. They can be used, for example, as stock sizings, surface sizings, or fixatives. Stock sizing, surface sizing, and fixative experiments indicate that EPK1-, EPK2-, EPK2P-, and UKK-chemicals function at least as well as or better than the corresponding synthetic chemicals used in papermaking.     

大尺寸氟化铅晶体的生长

描述了不用高真空条件，在通常的Ｂｒｉｄｇｍａｎ－Ｓｔｏｃｋｂａｒｇｅｒ炉中，用高温下的反应方法，消除了原料及生长炉内残存的Ｏ＾２－及ＯＨ＾－，生长出优质，大尺寸的β－ＰｂＦ２晶体。在晶体生长时，出现的主要问题是在晶体中的针状结构及开裂，但可通过控制条件来解决。     

造纸机集散控制系统

本文介绍了造纸机集散控制系统．讨论了其硬件的组成和软件结构．研究了ＤＤＳ过程级控制器的功能及对造纸机各分部速度的优化控制．系统投人运行后，取得较好的经济效益．     

着色型珠光颜料涂布纸的研制

本文论述了着色型珠光颜料涂布纸的研制工作，并对影响珠光涂料制备的几个因素进行探讨．优化结果表明，瓷土０～３０％，珠光颜料７０％～１００％，胶粘剂２５％～３０％，固含量２３％～２５％，涂布量１０～１５ｇ／ｍ２时，其纸面呈现强烈的珠光光泽，适用于胶印．     

三辊穿孔和轧管所产生的钢管壁厚极差和波浪形内螺纹

定量描述了实际生产过程中三辊斜轧穿孔所产生的钢管壁厚极差和波浪形内螺纹，初步探讨了三辊轧管机对钢管壁厚极差和波浪形内螺纹的影响。     

An investigation into the occurrence of sewage fungus in rivers containing papermill effluents—IV. Growth in experimental channels dosed with effluents and pure compounds

Wastewaters from the manufacture of pulp and paper have given rise to problems of excessive microbial growth in rivers over a number of years. This paper is the first in a series of four articles describing research undertaken by PIRA at four U.K. paper/board mills (one integrated with pulp production) over the period 1978–1980. This first paper briefly reviews the published literature on sewage fungus growth from pulp and paper mill discharges up to 1978, but mainly describes previously unpublished work undertaken by PIRA over the period 1965–1975. This introductory paper thus provides a state-of-the-art review of methods to control sewage fungus growth from pulp and paper mill effluents prior to commencement of the research described in the following three articles.     

优化原料结构构 提高废纸利用水平——谈浙江省废纸利用的情况和意见

介绍了浙江省利用废纸造纸的情况,提出改进废纸利用的意见。